What does turbocharge mean?

A turbocharger (Tubro) is actually an air compressor. It uses the exhaust gas discharged from the engine as power to drive the turbine in the turbine chamber (located in the exhaust port), and the turbine drives the coaxial impeller to be located in the intake port. The impeller compresses the fresh air sent by the air filter pipe, into the cylinder again. When the engine speed is accelerated, the exhaust gas discharge speed and the turbine speed are also accelerated simultaneously, the degree of air compression is increased, the intake air volume of the engine is correspondingly increased, and the output power of the engine can be increased.
The biggest advantage of turbocharging is that it can greatly increase the power and torque of the engine without increasing the engine displacement. After an engine is equipped with a turbocharger, the maximum power output can be increased by about 40% or more compared with that without a supercharger.
There are four main types of supercharged engines:
1. Supercharger: It is installed on the engine and is connected to the crankshaft of the engine by a belt. The power is obtained from the output shaft of the engine to drive the rotor of the supercharger to rotate, thereby blowing the air into the intake manifold.
Advantages: The speed of the rotor corresponds to the engine speed, so there is no lag or advance, and the power output is smoother;
Disadvantage: Because it consumes part of the engine power, it will lead to low boosting efficiency.
2. Exhaust gas turbocharging system: The exhaust gas discharged from the engine is used to achieve the purpose of supercharging. The supercharger has no mechanical connection with the engine, and the compressor is driven by a turbine driven by the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine. The general boost pressure can reach 180 ~ 200kPa, or 300
About kPa, it is necessary to add an air intercooler to cool the high temperature compressed air. Domestic sedans began to be used in the Audi 200 with a displacement of 1.8 in 1998. Later, there were the 1.8T of the Audi A6, the 1.8T of the Audi A4, and the 1.8T of the Passat and the 1.8T of the Bora.
Advantages: Increased efficiency is higher than mechanical supercharging;
Disadvantages: The power output of the engine lags slightly behind the opening of the accelerator. After increasing the accelerator, it usually takes a while, and the engine will have an amazing power burst later.
3. Compound supercharging system: that is, exhaust gas turbocharging and mechanical supercharging are used together, and are used more in high-power diesel engines. The engine output power of the compound supercharging system is large, the fuel consumption rate is low, and the noise is small, but the structure is too complicated.
4. Air wave supercharging system: use the pulse air wave of high-pressure exhaust gas to force the air to compress. This system has good low-speed supercharging performance, good acceleration, and a wide range of working conditions; but it is large in size, bulky and noisy.